NATIONAL
DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATION AND EXAMINATION IN CARTOGRAPHY
Commission on Education and Training, ICA
Am Iflenacker 7, 44287 Dortmund, Germany
Email: wo.meissner@t-online.de
1.1
The activity of the association includes a single market that removes all
obstacles among the member countries (Contract when the EU was established, version
from October, 2 1997, Art. 3.1c)
1.2 A mobility of the employees is granted within the association (Art.39.1).
2.1 The member countries
decide the educational policy and how the training is organized
2.2 The consequences are
different national educational systems, qualifications and different diploma or
certificates
3.1 Different national
educational systems and different certificates aggravate the international
appreciation of diplomas.
3.2 The result is no equal opportunities
and no professional mobility
Cartographic education and training in Germany
Distinct
fields of opportunity to the cartographic profession.
4.1 apprenticeship as
cartographer
4.2 study at the Polytechnic
/ qualified graduate-engineer for cartography
4.3 study at a university
/ qualified diploma in engineer for cartography
4.4 bachelor or master of
cartography
The following report refers to the apprenticeship as cartographer
(draughtsperson/technicians)
In Germany the federal authority for education Bundesinstitut
für Berufsbildung has the task:
to define the job possibilities concerning
5.1 the job title
5.2 the profile
5.3 the length of
training
6.1 Training places:
in
house training in an office
vocational school
6.2 The development and the length of training are administered
for
the manual facilities by a curriculum of the management.
for the theoretical knowledge by a curriculum of the vocational school.
7.1 Cartographers work in
public service, private engineering consulting firms or in publishing
companies.
7.2 they visualize
geodata:
they
collect and update spatial data, using analogue and digital techniques to get
topographical maps,
thematic
maps and applications of mapable information as well as graphic design and
multimedia products.
Cartographers must be able to:
8.1 evaluate source material
for cartographic presentation and plan the design of maps and presentation
graphics;
8.2 advise clients in the
design and realization of cartographic products, select the appropriate
production route and plan work flows;
8.3 collect, manage and
edit area-related data;
8.4 convert data for use
in maps with various themes, presentation graphics and multimedia products;
8.5 supply the edited
data for use in a variety of media;
8.6 use information and
communication technology.
9.1 appreciation of the
training
9.2 entrance
qualification
9.3 job title
9.4 institutions for the training
9.5 length of training
9.6 field of activity
9.7 required skills
9.8 age entering the training
9.9 certificates
9.10 entrance salary
- in the German-speaking-countries: Austria, Switzerland, Germany
- in the countries of the EU
- in countries that want to become member of
the EU
10.1 Results in the German-speaking section:
equivalent:
appreciation
of the training
entrance
qualification
institutions
for the training
job
title
field
of activity
required
skills
certificates
differences in
length
of training
entrance
salary
Examples of the results in the German-speaking
section:
Austria
job title:
cartographer
appreciation of the training by the
government: yes
entrance qualification: Public-School
institutions for the training: dual system - public organisations or private firms and
vocational school
length of training: 3 years
age entering the training: 19 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: 1.300
Switzerland
job title:
cartographer
appreciation of the training: yes
entrance qualification: public school
institutions for the training: dual system - public organisations or private firms and
vocational school
length of training: 4 years
age entering: 21 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: 2.400
Germany
job title:
cartographer
appreciation of the training: yes
entrance qualification: public school
institutions for the training: dual system - public organisations or private firms and
vocational school
length of training: 3 years
age entering: 21 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: 1.400
10.2 Results from the countries of the EU
Three sorts of replies:
Equivalent
training with the German-speaking countries
Deviations
concerning the cartographic education
No
traditional draughtsperson, only academic qualifications as bachelor and master
Equivalent training with the German-speaking countries:
Denmark
Finland
United
Kingdom
Portugal
Examples
of the results from the EU countries:
Denmark
job title: mapping-
and surveying technician
appreciation of the training: yes
entrance qualification: grammar-school or public-school and
vocational training
institutions for the training: college of
advanced technology
length of training: 2 years
age entering: 21 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: 2.600
Finland
job title: cartographer
appreciation of the training: yes
entrance qualification: public school
institutions for the training: dual system
vocational school and organisations
length of training: 3 years
age entering: 22 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: 1.650
United
Kingdom
job title: cartographer
appreciation of the training: yes
entrance qualification: secondary school
institutions for the training: Government
mapping, charting agencies and College of Technology
length of training: 2 years
age entering: 18 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: no answer
Portugal
job title:
cartographer technician / drawing
appreciation of the training: yes
entrance qualification: public school
institutions for the training: dual system - public organisations or private firms and
vocational school
length of training: 3 years
age entering: 19 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: 665
differences / deviations:
France:
There is only training in Paris
Italy:
The education and training is not appreciated by
the government
Netherlands:
No traditional training as draughtsperson /
technicians.
The management asks for higher qualification.
Result: academic qualification.
Sweden:
No traditional training as draughtsperson /
technicians.
The management asks for higher qualification.
Result: academic qualification.
Norway:
Traditional training until 1990.
The management asks for higher qualification.
Result: academic qualification.
Examples of the results from the EU countries:
France
job title: cartographer
appreciation of the training: yes
entrance qualification: secondary school
institutions for the training: dual system - public organisations or private firms and
vocational school
length of training: 2 years
age entering: 19 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: no answer
Italy
job title: cartographer
appreciation of the training: no
entrance qualification: secondary school
institutions for the training: IGM (vocational)
school
length of training: 2 years
age entering: 19 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: 1.160
Netherlands
a
specific cartographic education and examination does not exist
job title: mapping- and surveying technician
appreciation of the training: no
length of training: no answer
age entering: 21 years
certificates:
no
starting salary: no answer
Norway
(until 1990)
job title: cartographer
appreciation of the training: yes, until 1990
entrance qualification: secondary school
institutions for the training: private or
public firms
length of training: 3 years
age entering: 19 years
certificates:
no
starting salary: 2470
Sweden
a
specific cartographic education and examination does not exist
job title: mapping- and surveying technician
appreciation of the training: no
length of training: no answer
age entering: 21 years
certificates:
no
starting salary: no answer
No traditional training, only study as
bachelor, master, doctorate:
Belgium
Greece
Ireland
Netherlands
Norway
Sweden
10.3 Results of countries which are on their way into the EU
Three sorts of replies:
Equivalent
training with the German-speaking countries
Deviations
concerning the cartographic education
No
traditional draughtsperson / technicians, only academic qualifications as
bachelor and master
Equivalent training with the German-speaking
countries:
Slovakia
Hungary
Examples of the results of countries which are on their way into the EU:
Slovakia
job title: cartographer
appreciation of the training: yes
entrance qualification: vocational grammar school
institutions for the training: dual system - public service or private firms and
vocational school
length of training: 5 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: 200
Hungary
job title: cartographer
appreciation of the training: yes
entrance qualification: public (elementary) school
institutions for the training: dual system cadastral offices or private firms and vocational school
length of training: 5 years
age entering: 19 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: 400
deviations:
Czech
Republic:
They accept the training with the dual system,
but since the development to the digital computer-aided cartography academic
qualifications are required.
Examples of the results of countries which are on their way into the EU:
Czech
Republic:
job title: cartographer
appreciation of the training: yes
length of training: 3 years
certificates:
yes
starting salary: no answer
No traditional training, only study as
bachelor, master, doctorate:
Poland
10.1
The training within the EU demands:
comparable training systems with
their operational module,
their common training standards,
certificates which will be acknowledged by all
EU states
10.2 Further education
demands:
concepts consisting of different modules,
which will enable students to learn to get to
know innovative methods and further techniques while working as cartographer,
each module will be certificated.
Entering in an increasing international
competition
there is a demand for education and training to
realize
equal
opportunities
mobility
on the labour market in the European Community.
Today
we can find this problem of job mobility versus diploma requirements on a
global scale as well.
I hope, that by highlighting the differences between the national cartography programmes we can find a way to realize more equal opportunities on a global market.