1. Fieldwork instructions

• Collect names in current usage

• Ascertain their proper spelling (and meaning and pronunciation)

• Indicate location of the named object (see page 12)

 

Current usage:

• can be opposed to historical usage

• Established the concept of usage ( = consistently supported by historical evidence)

• Legal usage ( = used on legal documents)

• Legislated usage ( = used in laws)

• Verbal usage

• Written usage

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Current usage can be defined:

It can be current legal or legislated usage, and it can be current verbal or written usage.

Remember that current usage can depend on:

• Age classes: Young people might use other names than old people for the same object.

• Social classes: People on Java use other names for the same objectwhen speaking to people belonging to higher or lower soial group.

• Time (1): In winter and summer different features are visible in the arctic, so different names ar used.

• Time (2): In nomadic areas different language groups using different names might be present at specific times of the year.

• Time (3): During specific periods different names might be used for religious and cultural purposes, like carnival.

• Language classes: In multilingual areas different language groups would use different names for the same objects.

• Gender: In some areas men and women might use different sets of names for the same objects.